An archaeologist believes he has identified a key battlefield of the Third Crusade and recovered artifacts — including a horseshoe nail — from the era after a limited survey of the site.
Rafael Lewis, an archaeologist from Ashkelon Academic College and the University of Haifa, found two arrowheads and a horseshoe nail in the Sharon Plain, outside of Tel Aviv, Israel, The Jerusalem Post reports. The nail was typically found in France and England during the late 12th or early 13th centuries, Lewis says. The site is believed to be where England’s King Richard I, known as The Lionheart, defeated An-Nasir Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub — known as Saladin — on Sept. 7, 1191, in the Battle of Arsuf.
“We did find only a handful of artifacts and this is related to the extremely bad preservation of the battlefield,” Lewis told Haaretz. “I was very surprised we found anything at all due to the modern development in the area.”