Articles by Ronald Kramedjian

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Trimming and the Hoof-Pastern Axis

Case study supports theory that trim is more important than shoe choice in correcting broken-back bony column alignment and easing caudal heel problems.
This case study presents base information to assist farriers working with long toe, low or underrun heel (LTLH), low palmar angle (PA) and broken-back hoof pastern axis (HPA), resulting in clinical presentation described as caudal heel pain and navicular syndrome.
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